| Titre |
Solutions alternatives pour l'approvisionnement en eau et l'assainissement dans les zones à faibles ressources financières
|
| Auteur |
Lyonnaise des Eaux
|
| Sortie |
2000
|
LYONNAISE DES EAUX
Table des matières
Introductory considerations: The urban explosion in emerging countries. Water supply and sanitation in highly urbanised areas. Infrastructures: step by step. Understanding local communities. The advantage of the private sector – Understanding areas with limited financial resources: Classification factors. Surveys and audits. Land tenure (land tenure categories, technical identification criteria) – The problems: Suggested classification. Problems in equiping poor neighbourhoods. Problems in equiping areas of spontaneous and temporary housing. Possible avenues for a solution – The user's point of view: How users solve their water problems day by day. Consumer's water procurement strategies (additional supply methods, the micro-payment culture). User demand and service quality – Commercial alternatives: The limits of the institutional sector in disadvantaged areas. Financial alternatives within a networks/connections scheme (connections/meters, infrastructure, water prices, work on private property). Others methods of water provision (collective supply points, supplying water via the non-institutional sector, towards regognition of the non-institutional sector). Collecting payment Technical alternatives: Water supply (target/objectives, existing alternative solutions and required technical information, supplying spontaneous housing areas, supplying permanent housing areas, technical recommendations, examples of intermediate, open-ended solutions). Sanitation: Target/objectives. Existing alternative solutions and required technical information. Sanitation for spontaneous housing areas. Sanitation for permanent housing areas. Technical recommendations – Conditions for tenders and contracts: Situation with recent contracts (South America, Asia, Morocco, Contracts development). Preparatory work upstream of specifications drafting - Specific studies for drafting a render. Clauses to be included in the specifications (technical developement and service operation clauses, legal and liability clauses, financial clauses) – The point of view of the international funding institutions: The World Bank's Urban Programme. The Water Decade and the Water Sanitation Programme conducted by UNDP and the World Bank. The World Bank and NGOs – Concepts for relevant solutions:The lessons learned from Aguas Argentinas. Developing a Lyonnaise des Eaux approach (the contract, the master plan, organizing solutions : offering intermediate, open-ende solutions, democrating the decision making, relying on recognised mediators, involving and supervising the non-institutional sector, defining the responsabilities of each player). The suggested procedure – Conclusion
